Abortion as a Сurrent Public Policy Issue

Fetus removal as a Ð ¡urrent Public Policy Issue Fetus removal as a present open arrangement issue/contention in the news today Controversies emerge as a result of various assessments of individuals because of individual uniqueness in convictions, legitimate thinking, strict, political, and social monetary foundations that regularly lead to warmed and contentious conversations. While there are various open strategy issues, the paper tables the extension, cost, arrangements, arrangements, partners, and organizations that address fetus removal in the United States of America as an issue publicized in the news nowadays.Advertising We will compose a custom research project test on Abortion as a Ð ¡urrent Public Policy Issue explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thousands of issues appear to be directly according to lion's share, however are speaking to the minority or people profiting by them (Lejano, Leong, 2012, p. 796). The factious subject on fetus removal is a worry for open as portrayed by the cooperation of a f ew people in today’s news everywhere throughout the world. Notwithstanding, in taking a gander at the key issues identified with fetus removal, instruction, lawful and activism, sex and sexism, medication and substance misuse, and human services change can't be overemphasized considering the way that premature birth is a procedure and not a mishap. The inquiry about whether or not the legislature ought to legitimize fetus removal has hit the ongoing news with Americans having isolated sentiments. The United States’ fetus removal methodology lighted open consideration in 2010 and 2011 (Campbell, 2011, p.963: Gerwin, 2012, p. 632). Adversaries stress that life starts at origination, and hence fetus removal delivers excruciation in the unborn kid. Advocates guarantee that inability to legitimize fetus removal causes pregnant ladies to pick to dangerous premature birth techniques and that legislative or strict authority ought not restrict their premature birth rights (Bisi gnano, 2009, p. 745). Subsequently, the issue has seen the rise of social and political activists who have energized the discussion on premature birth so as to pick up prominence inside the general population. In my view, it doesn't make a difference the sides where one has a place with as long as the contentions can withstand the trial of time, are in accordance with the major opportunities and privileges of the individuals, and are as per cultural good norms and standards. Both the defenders and adversaries recognize that fetus removal is an issue of life and passing, which is cultivated out of one’s individual activities. Much the same as death, premature birth doesn't separate dependent on the practitioner of the demonstration whether an all around educated or uneducated mother, poor or rich mother, youthful or old mother, under or not affected by drug.Advertising Looking for research paper on open organization? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your firs t paper with 15% OFF Learn More The results and targets are connected (Gerwin, 2012, p. 634). Nonetheless, any endeavor to limit the dependable premature birth discussion should target changing people’s disposition towards sex, medication, and substance misuse that upgrade early or spontaneous pregnancies among ladies. In addition, counteraction is superior to fix. With unlimited contentions on fetus removal, satisfactory instruction and mindfulness just as legitimate human services changes on premature birth are unavoidable. Portrayal and investigation of the extent of premature birth Throughout history, fetus removal strategies have frequently been perilous since they can bring about genuine wounds and in some cases demise to the ladies. The key contention for permitting fetus removal has been to nullify risky premature birth techniques done in social orders where premature birth was illicit and without the help of masters. The variety in contentions on issues of fetus remo val is without a doubt an open concern (Campbell, 2011, p.967). The two rivals and advocates somewhat acknowledge that premature birth can go about if all else fails under unavoidable conditions, for example, when a womans life is in danger and additionally if there should arise an occurrence of assault or interbreeding (Pollman, 2012, p. 185). The people group contends that careful and clinical premature births are the most widely recognized kinds of fetus removal strategies utilized by ladies while restorative, elective, unconstrained, and instigated premature births are once in a while utilized (Lejano, Leong, 2012, p. 807). In any case, demise of the newborn child or mother or both may happen whether a master helps all the while. As per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in excess of 80% of the US regions give fetus removal administrations where an expected multiple times dark ladies as white ladies do premature birth every day (Uscinski, 2009, p. 798). The ad ministrative authorization and alteration on premature birth is another essential open concern. The revision guarantees that government restriction on open subsidizing for premature birth shapes a piece of the States’ constitution so as to lessen the extent of the State security law. What's more, the national fetus removal detailing laws and arrangements in America neglect to illuminate and direct on issues identified with open approach in a convenient way (Gerwin, 2012, p. 642). The US began condemning fetus removal since 1821. Doctors essentially impacted the move dreading its security. By 1965, the whole US had prohibited premature birth. Be that as it may, as indicated by World Health Organization Report discharged in 2006, every year, fetus removal causes a few maternal passings in areas where it isn't legitimate (Uscinski, 2009, p. 998). For this situation, individuals talk about issues of life and passing and issues emerging from the sanctioning and illegalization of f etus removal (Campbell, 2011, p.972). Consistence with fetus removal announcing laws has likewise demonstrated troublesome. There is the failure of discovering the contributions of different ailments to maternal passings and giving total reports on fetus removal (Pollman, 2012, p. 199).Advertising We will compose a custom research project test on Abortion as a Ð ¡urrent Public Policy Issue explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lack of solid estimations makes figuring of the relative security and threat of instigated premature birth and conveyance not practical. The test has spackled an open discussion. Additionally, general wellbeing offices can't implement the current revealing laws making it dangerous in understanding the main problems about fetus removal. The partners and influenced voting public Issues of premature birth don't have explicit partners since they cut over all humankind. Notwithstanding, the humankind can be ordered into essential, optional, and ke y partners. Recipients are the individuals who target picking up either cash or administration from the fetus removal process. They incorporate people who are encountering the hazard for a specific issue or abortionists and the individuals who help in doing the procedure: the doctors (Gerwin, 2012, p. 650). Optional partners include those legitimately engaged with recipients, for example, guardians, companions, kin, youngsters, companions, instructors, advocates. Auxiliary partners likewise include individuals whose employments or lives can be affected by the fetus removal process particularly on the off chance that they do or neglect to report the demonstration of premature birth (Lejano, Leong, 2012, p. 811). They include network individuals, bosses, contractual workers, owners, police, and other law authorization organizations. Key partners incorporate those with an enthusiasm for the premature birth result and the individuals who can impact choices government authorities and str ategy producers (Uscinski, 2009, p. 805). Government authorities and strategy creators, for example, state or bureaucratic offices, governors, nearby board individuals, and lawmakers have the obligation of concocting, passing, and authorizing laws and guidelines, which could conceivably satisfy the set objectives (Uscinski, 2009, p. 812). In deed, if the administrations permitted ladies to prematurely end pointlessly, a portion of the world’s extraordinary pioneers and researchers would not have been conceived. In the event that passing happens, the families and networks where it happens are influenced mentally, socially, monetarily, and strategically (Campbell, 2011, p.966). Ladies, their life partners, and the unborn are the immediate bearers of the outcomes of premature birth. As indicated by Breast Cancer Prevention Institute (BCPI) and the Catholic Medical Association (CMA) in 2006, premature birth improves the probability of ladies creating bosom malignant growth and fu ture unsuccessful labors (Pollman, 2012, p. 206). Pertinent political organizations to the strategy conversation about Abortion Even however doctors don't engage social, social, and strict issues in examining the connection between premature birth governmental issues and arrangements, fetus removal has end up being a disruptive policy driven issue in the United States since the rule of Roe Wade (Pollman, 2012, p. 183). Political establishments are focal in the issue.Advertising Searching for research project on open organization? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Thusly, through federalism, legal audit, and a private human services framework, the Americans consider premature birth just as an individual right as opposed to a clinical necessity (Uscinski, 2009, p. 814). The nature and structure of the US ideological groups offer premature birth advocates and rivals the chance to start and suit fetus removal issue in their political plan. Legitimate multifaceted nature, political factors, structures, and qualities are liable for development of fetus removal strategy. Political organizations and belief systems â€Å"†¦affect the nature and timing of strategy choices on premature birth in this way contributing unmistakably to strategy contrasts across nations† (Bejesky, 2012, p. 967). The discussion encompassing the subject of premature birth shone in the US Congress medicinal services banter in 2010 with the adversaries and defenders in the House of Representatives and the Senate exchanging allegations. Not at all like the defenders w ho need equivalent treatment of all in the medicinal services administrations, rivals of premature birth didn't need recipients of protection appropriations to get Federal subsidizing for any fetus removal (Gerwin, 2012, p. 645). The wellbeing vehicle

The effects of U.S. dollar depreciation relative to yuan on the economies of the USA and China

This paper will in general examine the effect the U.S. dollar deterioration has on both the Chinese and the U.S. economies. This deterioration could affect both contrarily and decidedly on the U.S. economy, this may profit the Chinese economy as the costs of the imports from China will radically get higher while the estimation of its fares to China would increment. The paper hence addresses the two situations as bellow.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on The impacts of U.S. dollar deterioration comparative with yuan on the economies of the USA and China explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The impact of U.S. dollar deterioration comparative with Chinese yuan Devaluation can just be characterized as the lessening in the estimation of a country’s money comparative with that of a remote nation. The U.S. money deterioration can be followed back to the period somewhere in the range of 2002 and 2008. This deterioration, nonetheless, has not been on a consistent move, for instance, in the years going before the 2002-2008, the decay was enormous to the point that it was felt significantly against the significant monetary standards, among which are the euro, the Japanese yen, the Mexican peso, and the Chinese yuan (Elwell 1). Elwell contends that since the mid of the year 2009, the US dollar fell greatly against the other significant monetary forms recording a fall of around three percent against the yuan (1) The impact of dollar deterioration on the U.S. economy Depreciation of the U.S. dollar comparative with the Chinese yuan will make the U.S. sends out less expensive and imports increasingly costly; thusly, the items in China will turn out to be progressively serious against the third country’s items whose cash is pegged to the dollar (Fan 3). Fan calls attention to that, ‘depreciation can likewise prompt improved monetary development by invigorating import’ which can likewise prompt an expansion in the i nterest of import, and advantage the Chinese export’ (4). It is consequently essential to take note of that the dollar devaluation will make the cost of imports increment according to the costs of fares that are exchanged between the USA and China, this will in the long run negatively affect both the organizations and the shoppers as in their buying force will in general decay (Elwell 10). The monetary pattern stayed steady during the time of the downturn (2008-2009), and hence the interest for advances kept on being exceptionally low for the customers and the organizations (13). The impacts of U.S. dollar devaluation on China economy This basically implies the Chinese yuan has acknowledged comparative with the U.S. dollar, thusly the impacts of this thankfulness are relied upon to be negative over all divisions. In any case, the adjustment in the cost is marginally unique among horticultural and non-rural areas (Yang et al 5). Yang et al in their examination discovered that the agrarian division is more land motivator and in this way their costs fall progressively comparative with different variables and this outcomes in the decrease in the farming items contrasted with those of the non-rural items because of discounted input cost, and as has been seen, the exchange balance improves for the horticultural items because of falling costs (5-7).Advertising Looking for exposition on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More furthermore, the antagonistic impact of the yuan cash thankfulness increments as long as the emptying is concerned. Collapse forces a few difficulties, including contracting utilization and speculation, raising joblessness rates just as expanding the awful obligation that isn't solid for the banks (Yang et al 6). The emptying further debilitates the interest since the shoppers who envision for a further decrease in the value levels may decide to suspend utiliza tion, thusly the yuan revaluation obviously portrays a decrease in its GDP, imports, trades, and the value level (Yang et al 8). In end along these lines, the energy about the yuan would antagonistically influence customers and the business both adversely and emphatically. At the point when the falling dollar is fortunate or unfortunate for the USA A falling dollar basically implies that the estimation of the dollar has gone down comparative with the money of the other exchanging accomplices. A few examinations have shown that the diminished estimation of the dollar is a consequence of the low loan fees, these low financing costs combined with the spending shortfall are what fills swelling. On the off chance that the dollar keeps on debilitating against different monetary standards, particularly the Chinese yuan, this may adversy affect the remote speculation, thus frightening off the outside speculators (Cowen 2). A genuinely expanded mechanical creation overall is one of the reaso ns for the expanded items costs in the USA, a frail dollar in this manner helps the economy, on the one side, and sabotages the government assistance of the residents, then again (Elwell 13). Then again, a falling dollar might be terrible to the U.S. economy in various manners; first, exceptional shakiness can raise the general concern and dishearten monetary duty. In this way, if the dollar falls, it will frighten off the outside speculators and, therefore, it harms the U.S. economy. Taking everything into account, along these lines the falling dollar is to a greater extent an advantage than an expense to the United States economy. Works Cited Cowen, Tyler. â€Å"The Dollar Is Falling, and That’s Good News†. The New York Times, 2 December 2002: Print. Elwell, Craig. The Depreciating Dollar: Economic Effects and Policy Response. Washington, D.C. Congressional Research Services, 2011. Web. https://digital.library.unt.edu/.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The impacts of U.S. dollar devaluation comparative with yuan on the economies of the USA and China explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Fan, Emma X. Ramifications of a US Dollar Depreciation for Asian Developing Countries. Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2002. Web. https://www.adb.org/. Yang, Jun, Zhang, Wei and Tokgoz, Simla. â€Å"The Macroeconomic Impacts of Chinese Currency Appreciation on China and the Rest of world†: A Global Computable General Equilibrium Analysis. Washington, D C: International Food Policy Research Institute Publication, 2012. Print. This article on The impacts of U.S. dollar deterioration comparative with yuan on the economies of the USA and China was composed and put together by client Shiloh Mclaughlin to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Skullhouse CPW

Skullhouse CPW CPW doesnt get boring, even for current students. Despite many of us having classes and tests during CPW, we still put in the effort to throw events and have a good time with the prefrosh. My fraternity, Phi Kappa Sigma aka Skullhouse, is no different. We get our work done as early as possible and set aside time during our weekend to have fun CPW events like the ones we do for Rush. FSILGs (Fraternities, Sororities, and Independent Living Groups) in general put on a lot of events to dispel the myths of MIT fraternities and sororities and show what our communities are actually like. Gerrys World Famous Fried Chicken and Waffles During CPW, our incredible house chef Gerry makes a batch of his world-famous fried chicken. At the same time, our incredible brother who is skilled at cooking Martin makes a batch of his world-famous waffles. Together, they make a combination thats so confusingly delicious for how mismatched it looks. Bonfire on Beacon Street We set up a fire and roasted hot dogs and smores. The smores are delicious when you dont accidentally drop them into the fire and have to start over. Sometimes we get creative. We started roasted hot dogs in a very familiar shape recognizable by certain MIT students and alumni alike. Vesuvius Party The legend of Vesuvius, not to be confused with Mount Vesuvius in Italy, is a blend of myth and reality. You have to see it with your own eyes to believe it. This elusive two-story tall volcano mysteriously appears twice a year in the halls of Skullhouse, once during CPW and once during Rush. After the night ends, it vanishes. We like to party during this time. 12am-3am: Steak n Shake A Skullhouse invention, Steak n Shake is my all-time favorite CPW event. We mix different chocolate candy, like Kit Kats, Reeses, and Oreos, with milk and ice cream to make some delicious (read: unhealthy) milkshakes that are the perfect way to end the night. We also have the best steak in the world, guaranteed or Ill give you my diploma. Helping organize all these events was a handful, but in the past few CPWs I also made time to go to some of my other personal favorite events: Activities Midway (2016) Meet the Bloggers (2016) Photo credits to Michael C. 16. Course 15 CPW Luncheon (2017) Martin Trust Center Celebration (2017) Liquid Nitrogen Ice Cream (2017) I finally finally finally got to try liquid nitrogen ice cream for the first time. Was not disappointed. Dont worry if you couldnt make it to CPW. Theres still Orientation, REX, and Rush in the fall. And four more CPWs during your years here. Post Tagged #Course 15 - Management #East Campus #fraternities #Phi Kappa Sigma #photography #Skullhouse

William Golding s Lord Of The Flies - 1613 Words

William Golding: Lord of the Flies Golding, William. Lord of the Flies. New York: Penguin Group. 1954. Print. William Golding’s acclaimed novel, Lord of the Flies, follows the adventure of a clan of British adolescents stranded on a coral reef island. With no adults left alive, the diverse personality’s between the main characters Ralph, Piggy, Jack, and Simon struggle with the freedom from authority. This tale begins when Ralph, a fair haired twelve year old, awakes after the fatal plane crash and discovers the jungle and sandy beach where the abundance of boys will now strive. There he meets Piggy, an overweight boy with glasses as thick as bottle caps. Upon their first meeting, it is learned that the boys were being evacuated from the†¦show more content†¦Soon it is learned that Jack is weary of killing the pig as he lets it escape but now has the taste for blood. In hopes for being rescued the boys build a fire to try and attract a ship or plane. The plan does not work although, because a ship passes while the fire is out. Leaving the boys with a sense of hopelessness. Ralph focused on building shelters and trying to build a signal fire again, reflects opposite on Jack’s behavior of needing to hunt not for food, but to kill. After the ship passes Ralph calls a meeting where it is learned the younger of the kids are scared of a so called ‘beastie’ w hich scares the others. Convinced and denying Ralph’s reasoning of that there’s no beast, one child suggests that it hides in the water during the day, causing a breeze of anxiety to flow through the clan. One night, while all of the boys are sleeping military fighting planes have a battle over the island and leaves a dead soldier in a parachute to land on the island. Sam and Eric, being on fire duty to keep it lit, heard the parachute â€Å"fifteen yards away from them came the plopping noise of fabric blown open† (98). Thinking it is the beast the twins run back to the camp in terror and insist the beast has attacked them. Jack and Ralph trek up the mountain to see and hunt the beast and discover the parachute. By then another meeting is held The most understandable theme Golding displays is the contrasting

The Progressive And Gilded Age - 914 Words

The Progressive and Gilded Age in America The Progressives were a group of reformers such as writers, politicians, and Social welfare advocate, etc. living mainly in cities during the early 20th century and working to change legislative issues, financial aspects, and good society. They accepted that change could originate from inside of man, and along these lines, dismisses the believe of Social Darwinism and regular determination. They were in charge of the section of many laws, including restriction, the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, and the Interstate Commerce Act. During this era, â€Å"People work to make themselves and the society a safer and a better place to live. The Progressive worked to make big business regulate more responsible and clean up corrupted businesses, city, improving a better working conditions etc.†(Discussion 9). New comers to the movement strived to adjust to new conditions at one hand while attempting to keep up their particular society and dialect frame work with the other making a perplexing circumstance. The Progressives â€Å"offered an impressive array of reform proposals† because the American society greatly needed reconstruction. The wealth dominated the poor by taking money and leaving the rest of the society in the circle of poverty. Low wage-rates, â€Å"wages that barely kept their families alive† (Zinn 13). Perilous working conditions, with long working hours were among a few extensive issues that needed to be changed. â€Å"According to a report of theShow MoreRelatedThe Gilded Age And The Progressive Era3319 Words   |  14 PagesThe Gilded Age and the Progressive Era were times of great change for women in the United States, and women entered into a new standard of living. As times progressed and new advances were made in both society and technology, people had to learn how to adapt to those changes while still being an asset and following societal rules. The purpose of this paper is to acknowledge th e reformations and changes brought to people and society by women during the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era. RegardlessRead MoreThe Progressive Era Of The Gilded Age1455 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the progressive era there were many reform movements due to the abundance of political, social, and economical corruption in America in the gilded age as seen by political machines like William Marcy tweed and American financiers like J.P. Morgan. Some of the many issues that made themselves present in the gilded age include the large wealth gap, child labor, women’s lack of rights, influx of immigrants, Urbanization, Indian wars, monopolists, political machines, and alcoholism. All ofRead MoreThe Progressive Era Of The Gilded Age1465 Words   |  6 PagesWith change comes consequences. Industrialization of the United States had indirectly tarnished the Gilded Age, and now that this era was coming to an end, reformers were left to clean up the mess. Hence, the Progressive era was born. The Progressive movement was based in the urban middle class and focused on the improvement of society, the economy, and politics. Yet, the movement was not unified. Each reform group of the era had a separate goal that they would focus on. Each president also hadRead MoreThe Gilded Age : The Challenges Of The Progressive Era1344 Words   |  6 PagesThe Gilded Age was associated with many difficulties - unprecedented fortunes and poverty, urban squalor, unhygienic food production, and other issues – that many Americans were left to deal with. In the early 1900s, â€Å"widespread dissatisfaction with new trends in American society spurred the Progressive Era, named for the various ‘progressive’ movements that attracted various constituencies around various reforms† (Andrew et al. 1). This new era was the age in which people tried to solve problemsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Gilded Age And Progressive Era1108 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era Throughout the history of time, people named certain time periods based on the events that occurred. People considered the time from the 1890s to 1916 as a shift of the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era when many things changed dramatically. The â€Å"Gilded Age† was the time of innovation, invention, and rapid growth, but the presence of monopolies sprouted everywhere in American’s economy and led to social inequalities. 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Gilded Age got its name because Mark Twain seen as a period where everything seemed to be well on the surface but beneath was a scheme of political dishonesty and self-indulgence. Around this time, the affluent upper class was created due to theRead MoreThe Gilded Age Of The Nineteenth Century And The Succeeding Period887 Words   |  4 PagesTwo prominent eras of American History were the Gilded Age at the end of the nineteenth century and the succeeding period, the Progressive Era. The Gilded Age, also know as the Second Industrial Revolution, was a peak of high economic development with the rise of technological advancements in a free market environment, meaning that the economy was driven by self-interest instead of government authority. Besides its economic growth, the Gilded Age handle changes in social divisions. After the abolishmentRead MoreWomen During The Civil War997 Words   |  4 Pagesof American society throughout American history. As an example, women fought to change the course and ideologies that were bestowed upon them by the traditional viewpoints of society of the time. The status of women was shifting rapidly in the Progressive Era. However, middle-class white married women still did not work outside the home. They were expected to stay home and tend to their families. Minority women, on the other hand, had to balance home life and their jobs outside of the home. AnRead MoreThe United States Treatment Of African Americans1291 Words   |  6 Pagesthis was much better than slavery, citizenship came with many troubles of its own. The years following the Civil War, known as the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era, would prove to be, aside from slavery, some of the hardest times for African Americans in all of U.S. history. The years immediately following the Civil War were known as the Gilded Age. During the Gilded Age, African Americans were had just been freed from slavery, given the right to vote, and had many more protections under the federal

When You Shouldnt Go Global Free Essays

Running head: VETTING GLOBALIZATION STRATEGIES When You Shouldn’t Go Global; Vetting Globalization Strategies Table of Contents Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Case Overview †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 SWOT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. We will write a custom essay sample on When You Shouldnt Go Global or any similar topic only for you Order Now Situation Analysis†¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 STAB Principles †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 Christian Values †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 13 Recommendations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 17 Executive Summary It has been argued that companies who have experienced some level of failure when trying their hand at cross-border ventures have simply attempted the leap under misguided information. It is argued that such failures are in direct result of inadequately vetting their globalization strategies. We offer an in depth discussion surrounding the globalization issue and the necessary strategies, followed by recommendations we believe could help reduce the prevalence of globalization failures. We open our discussion with a 2008 case study urging the company considering globalization to ask themselves a series of revealing questions. Providing real life examples, we go on to highlight several underlying pressures and challenges often associated with the process of globalization. An analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, often associated with a firm who is not prepared for globalization, is performed. The often intimidating global climate and several mixed assumptions surrounding globalization are discussed across a multitude of service industries. We continue by presenting three of Sun Tzu’s principles, as cited in The Art of Business, as we argue ways in which they are instrumental to any successful globalization venture, providing examples of firms who have historically and successfully applied the three principles. Several Christian values and how they are intertwined within the structural framework of a successfully globalized firm mentioned, noting the importance of a functional mission statement and several key characteristics to be explored before attempting the cross-border venture; ensuring global readiness. Finally, we offer several recommendations that we conclude are vital in addressing globalization preparedness, suggesting that with additional research, insight, and after fully vetting the related risks and rewards, the frequency of globalization failures would be significantly reduced. Case Overview Marcus Alexander and Harry Korine (2008), argue that many companies do not take the time to ensure that their globalization strategies were not â€Å"deeply misguided. † Believing that many of these failures could be avoided, Alexander and Korine (2008) recommend the company pondering globalization ask themselves three questions: 1. Are there potential benefits for our company? 2. Do we have the necessary management skills? and 3. Will the costs outweigh the benefits? Among the arguments made by Alexander and Korine is that which encompasses the pressures surrounding the globalization process. Alexander and Korine (2008), argue that companies going global in relation to various marketplace pressures are making serious mistakes, subsequently forced to undo their international investments, often involving the firing of senior management teams. Alexander and Korine (2002), offer up examples of failed strategies such as Dutch financial-services firm ABN Amro, Daimler-Chrysler, and AES – a U. S. based energy firm that despite operating in 29 countries on five continents, struggle to bring added value. The authors relate the struggles of deregulated industries to a â€Å"glocal† problem. That is to say that many â€Å"customer expectations, operating environments, and management practices of a globally standard service can vary greatly depending on location,† in example, citing the standardization of electricity flowing over power grids (Alexander Korine, 2008, p. 107-109). Every industry has its own challenges with globalization. Issues within the service industry, such as Starbucks, for example, have been that profit margins are equivalent to about half of that which can be expected domestically. In the IT industry the protection of intellectual property rights has caused many companies to simply leave countries like India, while the failed integration of Daimler-Benz and Chrysler is a perfect example of a failed globalization strategy in the manufacturing industry (Alexander Korine, 2008). In discussing some of the strategies that did work, such as GE, and Renault’s alliance with Nissan, Alexander and Korine caution against focusing on these success stories. Stating that that while many companies are planning rapid expansion, they are underestimating the management challenges. Their final point is that the landscape of players is very different than that of the global landscape of 30 years ago. Today’s successful global behemoths, according to Alexander and Korine (2008), are more diversified â€Å"both in type and international footprint. † Meaning, such companies possess a greater diversity in the types of subsidiaries they own and operating in more countries than ever before. SWOT Analysis – When you Shouldn’t Go Global Strengths Reduced financial, political, currency, and exchange risk- Foreign investment involves all of these risks. By refraining from foreign investment we avoid these risks. Simplicity of operations- Setting up and maintaining foreign investments complicate operations. Refraining from going global keeps operations more simple. Protection of intellectual property- It is very difficult to protect intellectual property in foreign countries. By keeping all activities domestic, one is adding a layer of protection to intellectual property rights. Weaknesses Loss of economies-of-scale and economies-of-scope- This according to Alexander and Korine is what is not being fully realized by going global, and therefore may not be that significant of an issue in many industries. Loss of first-mover advantages- Choosing not to go global may mean making the irrevocable choice to give up the first-mover advantage. This is usually a very small window and a one-time opportunity. Foregoing additional revenue sources- For a company that has no additional potential revenue sources domestically, going global may be the only opportunity to gather additional revenue. Foregoing market growth- For companies wishing to expand market reach, the choice to forego going global will limit their market penetration. Opportunities No financial investment- Refraining from foreign financial investment frees-up those funds for investment in domestic activities. No use of other resources- Refraining from going global frees-up all resources (human, etc. ) for use in domestic activities. Threats Loss of market share to competition- Should one’s competition be successful in going global, they may be able to offer similar products at much lower prices thus forcing you out of the market. The competition may also offer superior products at higher prices, and capture the market, via the use of superior technology. Loss of talent to competition- In many fields, such as high tech and engineering, the worldwide competition for talent is fierce. Failure to go global often means failure to secure talent. Loss of learning opportunities- Since globalization can take the form of joint ventures. There is also the threat of the loss of learning from a joint venture partner that should be considered. Situation Analysis Since the seventh century business have possessed the desire to operate internationally however, those considered truly global, did not start appearing until the past century. With growing stories of globalization successes, follow just as many testaments to failures. Despite the growing number of failed attempts the overwhelming pressure to conduct the ultimate border-less business has become increasingly enticing. Most large companies founded 20 years ago feel battered by numerous external forces pushing them towards globalization. Driving forces such as the removal of political and regulatory barriers to global trading and investment and the ability to conduct business 24 hours a day from anywhere in the world, draw these business behemoths one step closer to customers in emerging economies (Alexander Korine, p. 106). Deanna Julius (1997), lists in her article titled Globalization and Stakeholder Conflicts; a corporate perspective), three primary, macro-level forces, driving the need for change as; how companies are organized, how goods and services are produced and how they are bought by and delivered to customers. Alexander Korine (2008), mention that while many of the companies that have rushed to globalization have benefited, or at the very least have not suffered irreparable damage, some are witnessing major fallout from the move. The authors suggest that while companies often fail from misguided global strategies and an unanticipated level of execution, they could have avoided such failure by seriously addressing if potential benefits even exist in going global, if their management possess the necessary skills and the most logical one, will the costs of going global outweigh the benefits? Alexander Korine (2008), argue that most companies fail to ask themselves these questions due to previously held false assumptions regarding the virtues of globalization and seduction from the stock market. As previously mentioned, deregulated industries such as those who provide water, power, and mail service are among those experiencing global failure. Alexander Korine (2008), suggest that deregulated industries are operating under the misguided assumptions as well. The greatest assumption being that, going global will save them money, given they will be sharing resources across their international operations. When in reality, the costs to enter the foreign markets end up outweighing the assumed benefits (Alexander Korine, 2008, p. 107). Managerial fads are suggested to undermine rational behavior from within a company, thus resulting in sloppy thinking that distracts management from more imperative tasks associated with global success. Properly servicing global customers from a national perspective contributes too many failures given, much attention must be afforded to a mix or global and local factors simultaneously. Global manufacturing companies are said to fail due in part to the complexities related to the integration tactics necessary grow and compete better, resulting in costly delays and thus failures (Alexander Korine, 2008, p. 110). STAB Principles Win All without Fighting – Capturing Your Market without Destroying It The goal of business is to survive and prosper over a long period of time. Sun Tzu, author of The Art of War, described the strategy in achieving this long term prosperity as an offensive one in which a company must take all under Heaven intact, â€Å"Thus your troops are not worn out and your gains will be complete (McNeilly, 1996, p. 11). McNeilly (1996), utilizing Sun Tzu’s principles in his book The Art of Business, adds that, by taking all under heaven intact you will capture your marketplace thus ensuring your company’s survival and prosperity. However, your desired markets must be defined as such and nothing less than commitment in achieving market dominance must be displayed (McNeilly, 1996, p. 1). Application of Sun Tzu’s principle, win all without fighting – capturing your market without destroying it, as cited in McNeilly (1996), has been useful to many of today’s leading companies, including global cement producer, CEMEX. Cemex’s CEO Lorenzo Zambrano has applied Sun Tzu’s technique when expanding his cement company in Mexico and abroad. By the year 2000, CEMEX had become the world’s third largest cement company. In Cemex’s quest for market dominance they switched to a strategy of growth through acquisitions. In the late 1980’s large firms were considering expanding their operations into Cemex’s Mexican territory. Realizing the imminent threat CEMEX decided to unify its Mexican operations by acquiring two of Mexico’s large cement producers, affording CEMEX access to Mexico’s central market and bolstering its exporting capabilities, making CEMEX Mexico’s largest cement producer and a threat not to be competed against. While CEMEX won all without fighting, they gained market dominance in Mexico, later fueling their geographic expansion (Ghemawat, 200, p. 155). Deception and Foreknowledge – Maximizing the Power of Market Information Foreknowledge, as described in Sun Tzu’s third strategic principle, is not projecting what will happen in the future, based on past occurrences or merely conducting a trend analysis. Foreknowledge and maximizing the power of market information is to; gain firsthand knowledge of your competitions strengths and weaknesses, know their capabilities, culture and mindset, and obtain a deeper understanding of who their decision makers are and what their future goals and plans are (McNeilly, 1996, p. 0). As Sun Tzu stated in The Art of War, as cited in McNeilly (1996), regarding foreknowledge â€Å"What is called foreknowledge cannot be elicited from spirits, nor from Gods, nor by analogy with past events, nor from calculations. It must be obtained from men who know the enemy situation. † In order for a company to succeed on a global scale not only do the ins and outs of their competition need to be understood and plotted against, they must also know themselves; their own weaknesses, strengths, people and plans as well as the market in which they will be entering. A corporation lacking this level of foreknowledge should reconsider entering global markets until they better know themselves and their competition. Before Wal-Mart swept our nation, Sam Walton gathered vast amounts of information on his competitors, large and small, before he ever brought competition to their territory. In fact, before Wal-Mart took on then behemoth value retailer Kmart, it was the smaller, local mom and pop retailers that were seized up. Walton learned about the smaller retailers value chains and distribution methods, through foreknowledge, he attacked their weakest points, where they could not afford to compete, in costs and deceptfully defeated them where they did not expect it; in their own small, rural towns. Defeating the smaller retailers gained Wal-Mart the necessary market share to then surround urban Kmart. Wal-Mart, knowing that Kmart’s operating costs was on average 5% higher than theirs attacked Kmart at its cost structure, and won. Kmart was just not able to get under Wal-Mart’s five point advantage in operating costs (McNeilly, 1996 p. 25). In 2009, after waiting for a new government with a more ‘hopeful’ political environment and a well paired partnership with local market-savvy grocery retailer, Bharti, Wal-Mart utilizes foreknowledge and deception to enter India’s market. Historically however, Wal-Mart has been unsuccessful in several global markets such as Japan due to their inability to adapt to local markets and tastes (Consumer Goods, 2009). As McNeilly (1996), notes in summary, you must learn everything you can about your competition, not merely the facts, but you must also learn about its culture, market, mindset and capabilities. Possibly additional foreknowledge in these areas could be of great use to Wal-Mart. Character Based Leadership – Providing Effective Leadership in Turbulent Times Character based leadership is not only desirable but it is an attribute than often separates the globally successful firms from the rest. When a company first tries its business hand and people skills at cross-border trading, most of the times are turbulent ones and without effective and transparent leadership, going global can quickly escalate from intimidating to downright terrifying. When we think of character based leaders, often people like Chrysler’s Lee Iacocca, Steve Jobs (Apple), The Snyder family (In-N-Out burger), Dan Cathy (Chick-Fil-A), Eric Schmidt (Google) and Jim Skinner of McDonalds come to mind, but McNeilly (1996) reminds us that not only are leaders of this caliber unique, they can also be hard to find. It is of no coincidence than that we can more readily recall companies operating under less than character based leadership, faster than those with it. Companies like Nike, BP, Exxon (Valdez Oil spill) and even Carl’s Jr’s current CEO Andy Puzder, come to mind. Sun Tzu stated in The Art of War, as cited within McNeilly (1996), â€Å"The general who in advancing does not seek personal fame, and in withdrawing is not concerned with avoiding punishment, but whose only purpose is to protect the people and promote the best interests of his sovereign, is the precious jewel of the state†¦few such to be had. McNeilly (1996) suggests that leaders of this caliber are desirable given they put the needs of others before theirs, they have strong and well developed characters. Becoming such a leader is not easy and will require much sacrifice to: â€Å"Build your character, not just your image; lead with actions, not just words; Share employee’s trials, not just triumph s, motivate emotionally, not just materially, assign clearly defined missions to all, avoiding mission overlap and confusion and the make your strategy drive your organization; not the reverse† (McNeilly, 1996, p. 119). Jim Skinner, CEO for McDonalds and winner of the 2009 CEO of the Year award is greatly admired and willingly followed by his employees around the world and thus a great example of a character based leader attributing to McDonald’s global successes. Skinner, who began his career with McDonald’s in 1971 as a grill cook was named CEO in 2004, at a tumultuous time for the company. Skinner acted quickly to turn the company around and in result between 2004 and 2008 McDonald’s revenues climbed 41. 1 percent in four years, and net income jumped by 81 . 3 percent (Top Executive, 2009). The top nominees for CEO of the year are judged by such criteria as; leadership, integrity, ability to outperform and for their commitment to employees. It was no surprise to those who knew and worked with Jim Skinner that he had excelled in every category. After receiving the award, Skinner acknowledged the support his leadership team, along with the entire McDonald’s system, stating â€Å"Together, our franchisees, employees and suppliers make up what we call our three-legged stool, we succeed only when all three legs of that stool are strong, aligned and performing at the highest levels† (Top executive, 2009). In closing, Skinner noted that while the challenges of leadership have grown more complex in the multifaceted business climate, holding fast to fundamental principals will serve today’s global business leader well (Top Executive, 2009). The character based leader of today’s successful global firm provides effective leadership in turbulent times, Sun Tzu refers to this as ‘moral influence’ stating in The Art of War, as cited within McNeilly (1996), â€Å"By moral influence I mean that which causes people to be in harmony with their leaders, so that they will accompany them in life and unto death without fear of mortal peril. Skinner possesses moral influence among his employees, an important principle that will undoubtedly advance McDonalds in global markets around the world. Christian Values At the minimum, companies poised for global success, will adopt a mission statement. Ideally, these companies will have a statement of values. One organization that is not only global, but transnational – World Vision International has a statement of values that serves as moral compass in decision making and strategic planning. It states that WVI’s values are to â€Å"Bring a Christian, community-based, child-focused HIV and AIDS response, reflecting God’s unconditional love for all people and the affirmation of each individual’s dignity and worth† (World Vision International, 2009, p. 2). It is these types of clear statements of vision that removes the guess work from the Christian Business Praxis model. Additionally, companies need to look at the characteristics of their organization and the values their leadership possesses to determine whether or not the decision to global is in the best interest of the organization. Some examples are: Benevolence- For many organizations benevolence is the primary reason for going global. This was certainly the case of bicycle manufactures and APU alumni ACIRFA, who after going on mission to Africa saw a need for transportation and found a way to meet that need. Stewardship- Stakeholder theory, which seems to dominate most modern business decision making, indicates that it is unethical to go global without first considering the impact on all of your stakeholders. Clearly, one’s shareholders are his or her primary stakeholders. However, one must be mindful of the fact the fact that the organization is also the steward of its employees. And, to that end the organization has a duty to plan responsibly and minimize risk to those employees. As such, it is important for organizations to ensure that they are balancing potential profitability with the potential of not serving some of those under their care. Collaboration- This is a particularly useful skill if an organization is considering joint ventures. If, however, the organization has found that that the leadership of the organization or the organization as a whole is particularly weak in this area this is an indicator that a joint venture is not ideal. Integrity- The challenge associated with integrity (assuming that your organization possesses a great deal of integrity) is that one doesn’t know the off-shore partners and vendors one’s organization will be dealing with. New relationships will need to be established, and with that trust will need to be cultivated. Management skill- For every ounce of management skill it takes to manage domestically it takes a pound to manage off-shore. This is because there is an entirely new set of challenges and risks. There are language barriers in many cases. There are currency fluctuations, political risks, supply chain issues, and a whole host of challenges that one may not have realized existed even with extensive due diligence. Passion- The type of passion we are addressing here is the type associated with buy-in. If all members of the executive management team have not bought-in to the idea of going global it is going to be very difficult to have a great deal of success. Leadership must be passionate about going global. They must be excited, and they must be convinced that this is the future of the organization for global efforts to be successful. Preparation- Preparation is the key to success in going global. It may be fine to start out by simply exporting a few items. However, as demand increases, organizations will find that the need for strategic planning and preparation will also increase. Should a company wish to enter into either a joint venture, licensing agreement or build facilities off-shore, extensive due diligence involving outside consultants will be necessary. Zest- As we have suggested, going global is not for the faint-at-heart. Leaders have to be willing to take risks, and moreover leadership should invigorate others. Going global is not an easy task, great planning and preparation are integral. There will be many challenges and many hurdles and in many cases there will be more reasons to quit than stay the course. Therefore, zest is a prerequisite for going global. Recommendations Before making the decision to go global, heed Alexander and Korine’s advice, and ask three questions of your organization: 1. Are there potential benefits for our company? 2. Do we have the necessary management skills? and 3. Will the costs outweigh the benefits? The answers to those three questions will give the organization a starting point from which to determine if going global is in the best interest of the organization as a whole. Next, ask the operational questions- Is going global necessary for the growth and/or survival of our organization? Is globalization worth the various risks involved? Can effectively and protect our intellectual property in a cost efficient manner? Will the complications surrounding operations be overwhelming? What do we stand to lose if we don’t go global and if we don’t who within our competition will? What possible ramifications exist at the expense of not going global? Are we losing out on a learning opportunity by not going global? Is there unsecured talent out there that we may miss out on by not going global? Then ask the company, how much the above is worth in terms of opportunity cost? If we don’t utilize our time and resources in going global, how then will we allocate said resources to growth? Then ask your company the values questions- Is going global a responsible and ethical management decision? Can we trust that we will find people of integrity in the global economy to do business with and if so, do we possess the necessary passion and zest to be successful at such as risky cross-border venture? In addition, have we well prepared, and will we continue to be, throughout every step of the process? After asking the above questions we recommend conducting a detailed SWAT analysis where all possible risks and rewards involved with going global are fully vetted, then establish that all Christian perspectives are clear and present and finally, if the decision to go global is made, go forward while applying Sun Tzu’s Art of Business principles. In conclusion, Alexander and Korine (2008), suggest that we should not expect the influx of globalization failures to stop or improve any time soon. Making the valid point that, companies in a variety of industries will continue on in their reckless pursuit of global strategies, activists will continue to cause change and disruption and less than character based leaders will stand behind flawed globalization strategies, all the while, customers will always be demanding select attention. While it is undeniable that globalization is a seductively daunting opportunity with promises of increased power and unlimited benefits looming about the mere thought and that while even the best and brightest leaders, heading up the most well prepared companies may eventually succumb to its pressures, make the cross-border transition and possibly fail at it, keep in mind- sometimes to fail is necessary to succeed. References Alexander, M ; Korine, H. (2008). When You Shouldn’t Go Global. In Bartlett, C. A. ; Beamish, P. W. Transnational Management- Text, cases, and readings in cross-border management. 6thed. p. 105-112). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Consumer goods: Wal-Mart cashes in. (2009). Business India Intelligence, 16(12), 3-4. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com Fraser, R. (2006). Marketplace Christianity: Discovering the kingdom purposes of the marketplace. 2nd ed. Kansas City: MO: New Grid Publishing. Ghemawat, P. (2000). The Globalization of CEMEX. In Bartle tt, C. A. ; Beamish, P. W. Transnational Management-Texts, cases and readings in cross-border management, 6thed. (p. 146-166). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Julius, D. (1997). Globalization and Stakeholder Conflicts: A corporate perspective. International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-). Globalization and International Relations (Vol. 73, No. 3, p. 453-468). McNeilly, M. (1996). Sun Tzu and the art of business: Six strategic principles for managers. New York: Oxford University Press. World Vision International. (2009). Global hope initiative annual report 2009. Retrieved from http://wvi. org/wvi/wviweb. nsf/0CF6565756AEA942882575590061CEAC/$file/ Hope_Annual_Report_Exec_Summary_2009. pdf 2009 chief executive of the year. (2009). Chief Executive, (242), 68-70. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/212098908? accountid=8459 How to cite When You Shouldnt Go Global, Papers

Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Research Paper Example

Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Paper Osteoarthritis is primarily caused by the erosion of joint cartilage, which causes bones to rub or grate against each other. Osteoarthritis primarily affects synovial joints in which synovial fluid plays the important role of nourishing the avascular articular cartilage, providing the elasticity needed to absorb shock from rapid movements and the viscosity required to absorb shock from slow movements (Stitik Foye, 2010). Denudation of the cartilage leads to the exposure of the underlying bones. Osteoarthritis usually begins with a single weight-bearing joint. Rheumatoid arthritis is a â€Å"chronic systemic autoimmune disease† which arises when the immune system erroneously attacks the joint tissue, resulting in the effusion of joint lining. Macrophages and lymphocytes are known to produce pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines which contribute to the inflammation which characterizes rheumatoid arthritis (Altman, 2008). Besides affecting joints, rheumatoid arthritis may cause inflammation in other organs. Unlike osteoarthritis which first affects one or few joints, a prominent feature of rheumatoid arthritis is symmetry of involvement so that joints on both the right and left side of the body are affected almost simultaneously (Gupta Bhagia, 2010). Rheumatoid arthritis is therefore a more powerful cause of morbidity and premature death than osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis affects only joints and not any other organs in the body. Owing to the fact that the primary cause of osteoarthritis is the denudation of the cartilage and the inability of the body to replace the lost cartilage, it is synovial joints that bear the brunt of this degenerative process. Rheumatoid arthritis is largely results from the body’s own immunity mechanism, which leads to systemic inflammation. Thus, although rheumatoid arthritis also leads to cartilage loss, it also leads to inflammation of other organs including the lungs, pleura and ligaments. We will write a custom essay sample on Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This systemic nature of rheumatoid arthritis leads to common extra-articular manifestations including fatigue, fever, subperiosteal and subcutaneous nodules, generalized malaise, weight loss, vasculitis, and pericarditis (Gupta Bhagia, 2010). Comparison Both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis affect joints, which also means that their symptoms are largely manifest around the joints. Some important symptoms of both conditions include joint pain, joint swelling, and redness and warmth near the affected joints. The joint pain and effusion restrict the arthritic person’s ability to move freely. Both diseases are also characterized by severe morning joint stiffness. Symmetry of involvement is one of the most prominent features of rheumatoid arthritis, a feature which is largely absent in osteoarthritis. This implies that the disease affects joints on the right and left limbs almost simultaneously. On the contrary, osteoarthritis affects one or a few joints at a time. As the disease progresses, more joints are affected. It is also notable that the risk of both increases with age. References Altman, R. (2008). Rheumatoid Arthritis (R. A.): Joint Disorders. The Merck Manual. Retrieved May 25, 2010, from http://www. merck. com/mmpe/sec04/ch034/ch034b. html Gupta, K. Bhagia, S. (2010). Rheumatoid Arthritis. eMedicine, March 30, 2010. Retrieved May 25, 2010, from http://emedicine. medscape. com/article/305417-overview Stitik, T. Foye, P. (2010). Osteoarthritis. eMedicine, January 14, 2010. Retrieved May 25, 2010, from http://emedicine. medscape. com/article/305145-overview